Genotype

Allele Frequency

Disease Association

APOEε2 (Cys¹¹² Cys¹⁵⁸)

7%

↑ and ↓ risk for atherosclerosis [81] and ↑ risk for Parkinson’s Disease [83]

APOEε3 (Cys¹¹² Arg¹⁵⁸)

79%

Considered neutral

APOEε4 (Arg¹¹²Arg¹⁵⁸)

14%

↑ risk for atherosclerosis, AD, cognitive impairment, ↓hippocampal volume, faster progression of multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular disease and sleep apnea [84] -[91]